A Survey on Bridging EEG Signals and Generative AI: From Image and Text to Beyond
This survey consolidates and analyzes recent developments in using Electroencephalography (EEG) signals to generate images, text, and audio with generative AI. The study finds that EEG-to-image models use encoder-decoder architectures, EEG-to-text approaches use transformer-based language models, and EEG-to-audio methods map EEG signals to mel-spectrograms. The survey highlights the challenges in the field, including small and heterogeneous datasets, limited cross-subject generalization, and the absence of standardized benchmarks. It provides a foundational reference for advancing EEG-based generative AI and offers open-source datasets and baseline implementations for systematic benchmarking.
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