How do LLMs Compute Verbal Confidence

Researchers investigated how LLMs compute verbal confidence, finding that confidence is cached and retrieved from answer tokens, rather than being generated just-in-time. This suggests that verbal confidence reflects a richer answer-quality evaluation rather than a simple fluency readout, with implications for understanding metacognition in LLMs and improving calibration.

RSS Score 0 9/21/2026, 4:00:00 AM Original Source
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